Apparatus



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. POPPER. AIR CONDENSER AND COOLING APPARATUS.

, Patented June 24, 1890.

mambo V R E P P O P J (No Model.)

AIR- OONDENSER AND COOLING APPARATUS.

. Patented'June 24, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEF POPPER, OF VIENNA,AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

AIR-CONDENSER AND coou e APPARATUS.

I SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 430,881, dated June 24, 1890.

Application filed November 29, 1889. Serial No. 331,951. (No model.)

to be cooled does not come into direct con tact with the cooling-air itself, but is contained in a closed vessel or vessels.

In the annexed drawings, Figure l is a vertical section of my apparatus. Fig. 2 is a front View of the same. Fig. 3 is a part sectional view of a cooling apparatus in which the cooling chambers are arranged obliquely.

Fig. 4 is a plan of the same. Fig. 5 is a front view of the separate cooling-chamber. Fig. 6 is a side view of two cooling-chambers, one upon the other. Fig. '7 is a sectional View of the flexible connection connecting the cooling-chamber with the feeding or exit service by means of a flexible pipe. Fig. 8 shows a similar connection by means of a connectingpiece manufactured of metal plate formed into bellows shape.

The construction of my apparatus as shown in the drawings has the following advantages: first, an equal effect of all the cooling parts; second, very simple construction 5 third, small space occupied in comparison with other apparatus; fourth, great facility in mounting and dismounting of the single pieces of the apparatus.

Upon a base A, Figs. 1 and 2, a tower or shaft A is constructed by means of the vertical timbers A and the horizontal timbers A The said tower or shaft is provided with a roof A, below which outlet-openings A for air are formed. In the upper part of said shaft or tower a ventilating-fan A is arranged. The lower part of the tower is provided with an opening A, containing a frame A", the lower part A of which supports a series of rectangular flat boxes or chambers L, one above the other. These boxes or chambers L, Figs. 5 and G, are provided at three, or at least two, opposite corners with short necks s, of which one serves for admitting the liquid to be cooled into the box or chamher and the other one or two serves for conducting the cooled liquid out of the box or chamber.

In the case of steam condensation one of the connecting-pipes is used for the withdrawal of the condensed water.

All the cooling chambers or boxes L are mounted in an oblique manner to the hori zontal line parallel to one another and at a certain distance above one another, so that the fresh air can reach each cooling-chamber separately, however many of them are placed one upon the other. By these means great advantages are obtained, as any number of chambers can be placed one upon the other without the upper chambers receiving the air, which has already been heated by the lower chambers. The said chambers are placed with their oblique edges resting upon supports suitably formed and are furnished with suitable projections K for keeping the same at equal distances one from another and for stiffening the same, in order to prevent the bending of the boxes. These projections may be made principally of sheet metal in a hemispherical form, and are placed in rows alternately over the whole surface of the chamber, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

k are the rivets in the interior of the chambers and connecting the top and bottom walls.

In consequence of the reduced form and the alternative arrangement of these hemispherical projections K and the rivets k the cooling-air outside of the chamber is uniformly heated and the hot fluid inside is uniformly cooled, as an ascending and descending current is set up between the chambers, and at the same time contraction and expansion of the air and the hot fluid takes place, for the reason that the air circulating between the chambers and the hot liquid within the chambers are both to a certain extent retarded by the projections K and the rivets k and changed in their courses, whereby the uniform they must be made taperingthat is, their diameter must be reduced toward one ends0 as not only to cause the mixing of the air or liquid to take place laterally, but also from top to bottom, and vice versa, from bottom to top.

The chambers may be placed one upon another in such a manner that their ends form a vertical line, as shown in Fig. 1; or the line may be obliquely inclined, as shown in Fig. 3. They may be also placed one beside the other or one upon another or radially about a common chimney or exit-channel, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The latter arrangement is particularly advantageous for important cooling requirements, such as those necessary for the condensing of the steam of large steamengines when only a small space for the cooling apparatus is available.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, four coolingcompartments are arranged around a single shaft or tower A into the tower or shaft in the direction of the arrows 2, and then passes out through the openings A, as indicated by the arrows. The speed of the air leaving the cooling-compartmen ts can be increased by the use of the ventilating-fan A If the substance to be cooled consists of fluid, the same is conducted into the boxes or chambers L through the pipe B, which is connected with one of the necks s of each chamber or box L, and passes through said chamber, and then passes into the pipes Aand C, with which the other two necks s of the chamber or boxes L are connected.

If steam is to be condensed in the boxes or chambers, it passes through the pipes A and into the said chambers or boxes, and the water of condensation is conducted off through the pipe 0, the steam which is not condensed passing off through the pipe B. All chambers are placed parallel and brought into connection with the three pipes A, B, and 0, through which the hot and cooled fluid passes, respectively.

The connection between the feeding-pipes and the chambers is made by connectingpipes Ct, of an elastic material-such as indiarubber-as shown in Fig. 7 or where indiarubber is not applicable-such as in benzine distillation-an elastic joint is formed out of thin plate pipes made in bellows shape, as shown in Fig. 8 at a. The object of using these flexible tubes instead of stiff connecting-pieces is to obviate the necessity for using The air enters in the di-- 'rection of the arrow 1, Figs. 1 to 4, and passes special care and nicety in the manufacture of the single parts, and so reducing the cost of construction.

The reservoir R, placed at the lower part of the apparatus, is intended for the reception of the condensed water or other cooled liquid.

The operation of this apparatus, which to a certain extent has been described above, is

as follows: The liquid to be cooled passes from the pipe B through several connectingpipes at, and to the several boxes or chambers L at the same time and passes through the same, and then passes out through the bottom connecting-pipes a from the boxes or chambers into the outlet-tubes O A. An independent current of air passes out between each two boxes or chambers L into the shaft or chimney A What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a condensing and cooling apparatus, the combination, with a shaft or chimney, of a series of independent flat, cooling boxes or chambers arranged one above the other in an opening at the bottom of said flue or chimney, substantially as set forth.

2. In a cooling and condensing apparatus, the combination, with a shaft or chimney, of a series of independent condensing boxes or chambers arranged obliquely and-parallel and one above the other in an opening at the bottom of the flue to form air-passages between the several boxes or chambers, substantially as set forth.

3. In a cooling and condensing apparatus, the combination, with a shaft or chimney, of a series of independent condensing boxes or chambers arranged one above the other in an opening at the bottom of the flue or chamber, a common feed-pipe for the several chambers or boxes, and a common outlet pipe or pipes for the said boxes or chambers, substantially as set forth.

4. In a cooling and condensing apparatus, the combination, with a fine or chimney having a series of openings at the bottomvand of a series of fiat chambers or boxes arranged one above the other in each opening,substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

J OSEF POPPER.

Witnesses:

RUDOLFSON CLARK, NETTIE S. HARRIS. 

